Until recently, the IRS has said little (if anything) regarding whether assets the beneficiary of an irrevocable trust receives get a step up in basis following the Grantor’s death. With issuance of Revenue Ruling 2023-2, that has changed. The IRS has spoken. In RR 2023-2, the IRS posed the following hypothetical which I’ve edited slightly: […]
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Here are a few stats: The average shopper sees 4,000 ads in a day. The average person is interrupted once every 8 minutes. On average, people spend 3 hours and 15 minutes per day on their phones. The typical American spends three hours per day watching TV. The stats on prayer aren’t quite as good. […]

On June 12, 2023, the Tennessee Court of Appeals (Knoxville) upheld a settlement agreement requiring the recipient of funds in an investment account to pay his share of capital gains taxes. The case, In re Hunt, E2022-00649-COA-R3-CV, arose during the probate of Dr. Robert McPhail Hunt, Jr.’s estate. Hunt purportedly married Zulkifli Atim in Canada […]
In Milbourne v. Milbourne, 301 Ga. 111 (2017), The Georgia Supreme Court affirmed a Gwinnett Probate Court Order refusing to grant summary judgment on the issue of undue influence. Milbourne concerned a Will, allegedly procured through the undue influence of the Will-maker’s sister. The Will-maker was Edison Jamal Milbourne. He suffered a work related brain […]
If you are in the midst of a crisis, it’s critical for doctors and other health care providers to know who to listen to and who can make decisions. Obviously, if it’s your regular physician, the ideal solution is to give him or her a copy of your health care advance directive and have it […]

In April, 2022, we reported that HB 620 altered how settlements for minors can be approved under O.C.G.A. § 29-3-3, at least in cases where the trial court approves direct payment to a trust. Prior to passage of HB 620, Section 29-3-3 read as follows: 2021 Version For purposes of this Code section, the term […]

The following is a mishmash of information on various Elder Law, Special Needs Law, and Estate Planning issues. It also includes anything else we found interesting during the month of June, 2023. We will continue updating from time to time throughout the month. Last updated 6/8/2023. Keep in mind, you are using linked content at […]

In McGee v. State Dep’t of Health Care Servs., 2023 Ca. App. LEXIS 409 (Cal. Ct. App., 3d Dist. 5/24/2023), Diana McGee established a special needs trust under the provisions of 42 U.S.C. § 1396p(d)(4)(A). This followed a malpractice action and settlement. Dianna suffered from short bowel syndrome, which impaired her ability to care for […]

In Henderson v. Dept. of Health and Human Services (May 18, 2023), a Medicaid applicant transferred significant resources, including the full value of her retirement account, to an irrevocable trust. When she applied for Medicaid during the 60 month look back period, the Medicaid agency found the resources were not countable, but imposed a transfer […]

In the Matter of the Medical Assistance Pooled Special Needs Trust of Scott Hewitt (Iowa 2023), the State Medicaid agency had a contigent interest in the trust remainder due to the payback requirement in 42 U.S.C. § 1396p(d)(4)(C). However, after the beneficiary died, the master trust informed the Department that it would retain the remainder, […]

IRS Notice 2023-30 set forth the safe harbor language for extinguishment and boundary line adjustment clauses required by y § 605(d)(1) of the SECURE 2.0 Act of 2022 (SECURE 2.0 Act). It addresses only amendments to extinguishment and boundary line adjustment clauses in accordance with § 605(d) of the SECURE 2.0 Act. This safe harbor […]

Gregory Hall created a trust for his children. He also made gifts to his children prior to his death, including a $500,000 house to his son, Kenneth. Gregory’s trust provided that, following his death, the trust remainder would be divided equally among his three children. But Kenneth argued that the $500,000 should not be included […]

On March 24, 2023, the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida ruled in Securities and Exchange Commission v. Synergy Settlement Services, Inc., et al., Case No. 6:22-cv-820-WWB-DCI. The motion before the Court was to dismiss the action. The motion was denied with the Court indicating it should at least move tot […]

In Walsh v. Bowen (Ga. App. 2023), the Court considered whether an inter vivos gift to a 529 account was a completed gift. Rick Walsh made transfers during his lifetime to a 529 account his wife, Alice Walsh, owned for the benefit of her grandchildren. Although there was evidence Mr. Walsh contemplated the gift earlier, […]

An easy way to think about trusts is to consider the example of a delivery truck. A delivery truck driver has no control over how a package is addressed by the sender. The truck driver has no control (other than his delivery schedule) over who receives the package. The driver transports the package as directed. […]

The Will must be signed by the testator Under O.C.G.A. § 53-4-20, the testator (who must be at least 14 years old) must sign his or her will. The signature can be a sign, mark, or any name that is intended to authenticate the document as the testator’s will. If the testator is physically unable […]

As of this writing, the following pooled trusts are authorized by the Department of Community Health to provide trust services in Georgia: Georgia Community/Trust/Bobby Dodd Institute Anita Gardner Decatur, GA 404.809.2914 Anchor For Special Needs, Inc. Annie Warner Cincinnati, OH 844.526.2467 Advocates and Guardians for the Elderly & Disabled (AGED) Thad A. Joseph Longwood, FL 888-277-1826 The Center […]

H.R. 2617, commonly known as the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (which includes the SECURE Act 2.0), amended provisions in the tax code to allow special needs trusts to leave remaining funds in a retirement account to a charitable organization. The Bill became Law when signed by President Biden on December 29, 2022. The Senate Summary […]

What is a Will? A Will, also known as a Last Will and Testament, is a document stating how your probate estate is distributed after you die. It has no legal effect until it is probated. In Georgia, Wills are probated in the Probate Court for the county where the decedent resided. What is a […]

Assets are things you own that have value. Assets include all income and all resources. 42 U.S.C. § 1396p(h)(1). They are one-half of a net-worth calculation (the other half being liabilities). Medicaid treats different types of assets differently, with some being countable and others being non-countable (or exempt) during the eligibility determination. Recall that you […]
We regularly post links to news articles and other resources related to Elder Law and Special Needs Law. We focus on general news, health and healthcare news, special needs news, events, government sources, financial and retirement news and legal news. Some cited resources are for professionals, but most are news or other helpful articles we […]

The dictionary definition of “signature” is “a person’s name written in a distinctive way as a form of identification in authorizing a check or document or concluding a letter.” There are no grades for penmanship when signing legal documents. Your signature is your mark, which is exactly how Georgia law defines it: “Signature” or “subscription” […]

In the late 1990s, Dr. Ed Wagner (and his team at the Macccoll Center – now the ACT Center), created the Chronic Care Model for the delivery of care. They had the support of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The chronic care model recognizes that when care is delivered over time, patient involvement becomes increasingly […]
The answer, like the answer to many legal questions, is maybe. Georgia has not outright abolished irrevocable trusts. However, O.C.G.A. § 53-12-61 authorizes judicial modification or termination of irrevocable trust under two circumstances. During the Settlor’s Lifetime Subsection (b) controls modifications or terminations during the settlor’s lifetime. Recall, a settlor is the same person as […]
(Last Updated: 9/6/2022) We’ve found the Georgia legal forms linked below from various sources. By linking them here, we are not suggesting that you DIY your legal work. If you care about something enough to protect it, hire a lawyer who knows how to do it right. Abraham Lincoln is one of the individuals credited […]
Retirement accounts that qualify under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) are generally protected from creditors, bankruptcy proceedings and civil lawsuits. Ordinarily, the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act (BAPCPA) of 2005 extends similar federal protection to IRAs up to $1 million (though money rolled over from an ERISA-qualified plan into an individual […]
In Slosberg v. Giller (Georgia Supreme Court 6/30/2022), the Court reversed a Court of Appeals decision we previously reported. David Slosberg created an irrevocable trust in January 2014. After David died, Plaintiff filed a lawsuit alleging, among other things, that Defendants unduly influenced David to create the trust that contained the in terrorem clause, and […]
We regularly post links to news articles and other resources related to Elder Law and Special Needs Law. We focus on general news, health and healthcare news, special needs news, events, government sources, financial and retirement news and legal news. Some cited resources are for professionals, but most are news or other helpful articles we […]
On May 20, 2022, the Georgia Court of Appeals issued its Order in In re Estate of Brenda Elizabether Strother (Ward) (Appeal No. A22A0210). There, two daughters filed a petition for emergency guardianship, alleging two members of Brenda’s Jehovah’s Witness church (Robertson and Lewis), named in a 2020 advance directive were refusing to authorize emergency […]

