Improper Use Spoils Trust Is it possible to spoil a trust by misusing it? The answer was “yes” in S.P. v. Division of Medical Assistance and Health Services (N.J. Super. App. Div. 2025). In that case, a brother wanted to provide housing for his sister. He did this by establishing and funding a trust that […]
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2025 Georgia Medicaid Transfer Penalty If an applicant for long-term care Medicaid (e.g., nursing home Medicaid) transfers resources for less than fair market value during the 60-month look-back period, a transfer penalty is calculated. In 2024, the Georgia transfer penalty was $10,025. Effective April 1, 2025, the penalty divisor for Georgia Medicaid applicants has increased […]
On June 11, 2024, the Gerontologist published an article on Medicaid enrollment and Intergenerational transfers of wealth among older adults. The article was based on a review of data from 2008 through 2018 analyzing estate planning and family wealth transfers of older adults aged 65 and older who became Medicaid recipients. There were 8,347 respondents […]
Medicaid’s “Any Circumstance” Test for Trusts In case you missed the memo, Medicaid doesn’t like trusts. The rules relating to trusts you create with your money or property are found at 42 U.S.C. § 1396p(d). To put this discussion in context, we’ll begin with the sections relevant to the “any circumstances” test, but the full […]
The federal Medicaid statute authorizes the use of individual self-settled special needs trusts for individuals under the age of 65. See 42 U.S.C. § 1396p(d)(4)(A). It also authorizes any applicant, regardless of age, to establish a self-settled pooled special needs trust sub-account. 42 U.S.C. § 1396p(d)(4)(C). An open question not addressed in (d)(4)(C) is whether […]
Effective April 1, 2024, the statewide averaged nursing facility private pay rate used in determining the penalty period for institutionalized individuals (nursing facility and home and community-based waiver programs) who transfer assets for less than the fair market value will increase from $9,584.00 to $10,025.00.
On November 17, 2023, Georgia issued Manual Transmittal 71, updating its Medicaid Manual, making technical changes to the following sections. The following sections were updated: 2054 – Emergency Medical Assistance 2060 – ABD Medicaid Application Processing 2101 – ABD Medicaid Classes of Assistance Overview 2111 – SSI Medicaid 2135 – Hospice Medicaid 2143 – QMB […]
Am I Eligible for Medicaid? Recently we were asked about the following fact pattern. Parent had multiple properties in different counties. More than 60 months ago, parent gave these properties to children reserving a life estate. The question, initially, was whether parent is eligible for nursing home Medicaid. The follow-up question was whether the property […]
Harves V. Rusyniak In Harves v. Rusyniak, 23A-PL-671 (9/26/2023), the Indiana Court of Appeals found that the Family and Social Services Administration (FSSA) missed a step in finding that a trust rendered Natalie Harves ineligible for Medicaid. Harnes and her children signed a number of documents in January 2019 when she was 91 years old. […]
We’re just getting to the point where we’re producing videos for EZ Elder Law. There are, after all, only so many hours in the day. This video published on September 17, 2023, runs through basic Medicaid eligibility in Georgia under the 2023 rules. It focuses on nursing home Medicaid and home health Medicaid. Slides for […]
Obviously, if you follow the law, get a license and have the event officiated, you’re married. See O.C.G.A. § 19-3-1 (Requiring parties able to contract, an actual contract and consummation according to law). And with marriage goes the benefits and liabilities. Although not a traditional case, Justice Kennedy concluded Obergfell v. Hodges with the following […]
In Henderson v. Dept. of Health and Human Services (May 18, 2023), a Medicaid applicant transferred significant resources, including the full value of her retirement account, to an irrevocable trust. When she applied for Medicaid during the 60 month look back period, the Medicaid agency found the resources were not countable, but imposed a transfer […]
The following Georgia Medicaid cases were litigated outside the context of an administrative hearing, or were appealed beyond that point. Of course, we are not representing there are no other published decisions on point. United Cerebral Palsy of Georgia v. Ga. Dep’t of Behavioral Health and Dev. Disabilities, 331 Ga. App. 616 (2015). A provider […]
On May 4, 2023, the Department of Community Health announced the new state-wide average nursing facility private pay rate increased from $9,034.00 to $9,584.00. This rate is the divisor when calculating the length of a transfer penalty when resources or income are transferred for less than fair market value.
When applying for Medicaid, the nursing home spouse (called the Institutionalized Spouse) is often a joint owner (or sole owner) on checking, savings and other acounts. Should those resource be taken out of the name of the Institutionalized Spouse? The answer is generally “yes,” but it requires some context and some qualifications. The context and […]
Some couples might consider reducing the size of the marital estate by giving their resources away. Frequently this is the result when the plan is “home-made.” However, transfers for less than fair market value, including complete and partial gifts) trigger a period of ineligibility. 42 U.S.C. 1396p(c). It does not matter whether the applicant or […]
If you agree to file a client’s Medicaid application as part of your representation, here are a few practical considerations. Keep in mind, these suggestions are how we handle matters in our office. If you have a different approach, that’s fine. If you have suggestions on other ways to approach applications, we’d love to hear […]
Medicaid beneficiaries cannot “fix” eligibility by giving away resources. A transfer of resources without receipt of fair market value will trigger calculation of a transfer penalty. “The penalty for an institutionalized individual consists of ineligibility for certain services for a period or periods of ineligibility that equal the number of months calculated by taking the […]
The answer is, yes, maybe. At USA.gov, there are tips for caregiver support including links to programs that could pay you to serve as a family caregiver. That site offers the following insight: A caregiver helps a person with special medical needs in performing daily activities. Tasks include shopping for food and cooking, cleaning the […]
Gifting is usually a last resort when creating a Medicaid Plan. The reason is gifts trigger a transfer of resources penalty. The Medicaid Transfer Penalty Worksheet can be used to calculate the penalty, but an additional worksheet is helpful when calculating the amount of income a Medicaid applicant must generate to private pay through the […]
The form below was developed by the Georgia Department of Community Health and is based on Section 2342-11 of the Georgia ABD Medicaid Manual:
Pooled Trust Subaccount Established for Individual Over 65yo. An 83 year old deposited $12,320 into a pooled trust in August 2008. In November 2008, he applied for Medicaid. His application was denied. The parties stipulated the trust complied with 42 USC 1396p(d)(4)(C), but the Department took the position a transfer penalty should be applied. The […]
Direct Transfer to Disabled Child; Previously Unknown Resource. Applications for Medicaid were filed on November 24, 2008 and January 8, 2009. The first application was denied for failure to provide documentation. The second was approved on April 16, 2009 with assessment of a penalty through 2009. The transfer was directly to a disabled child rather […]
Annuity; Transfer Penalty for Failing to Name State as Beneficiary. Petitioner, a 95 year old nursing home resident, applied for Medicaid on December 15, 2008. DFCS denied eligibility and imposed a transfer of resources penalty because she had purchased an annuity without naming the State of Georgia as a beneficiary. The annuity was irrevocable and […]
Single Premium Life Insurance Contract; Penalty Reversed. On November 5, 2008, Petitioner filed an application to purchase a Single Premium Pure Endowment Life Insurance Contract. She paid $89,500 for the policy which, in five years, would pay her children $91,327. The contract stated there was no cash surrender value and that no benefits would be […]
No Retroactive Application of Policy Changes Permitted; Payments for Renovations to Accommodate Petitioner Permitted; Payments Consistent with Prior Accepted Obligation Permitted. Petitioner was hospitalized with a stroke in 2008, after which she went to live with one of her sons until she was re-hospitalized in November 2008. Thereafter, she remained in a nursing home. Petitioner […]
Personal Services Contract rejected. Petitioner was admitted to a nursing home in October 2008, where she continued to stay. At the time, she had $36,332 in resources. Petitioner entered into a contract with Ms. Hailey to provide personal care services at the nursing home for life for $23,000. Her life expectancy was 10 more years. […]
Direct Transfer to disabled child allowed from date ALS was diagnosed. Petitioner made transfers directly to a disabled child with ALS. However some transfers were made prior to the determination of disability and others were made after the disability determination. DFCS attempted to penalize all transfers since they were directly to the disabled child rather […]
Transfer penalty cannot be imposed where transfer was exclusively for purpose other than to qualify for Medicaid. Petitioner was admitted to a nursing home with dementia and her doctor states she cannot make legal decisions. Petitioner owned her home jointly with her daughter following the death of Petitioner’s husband. The daughter then conveyed the home […]
Penalty Affirmed After Life Estate Conveyed; Hardship Waiver Unavailable Because No Legal Action was Taken to Recover Property. Petitioner, a divorced individual, acquired a life estate in business property with his ex-wife owning the remainder interest. He entered a nursing home in March 2008 and his Medicaid application was denied after the caseworker valued his […]
Transfer Penalty Reversed Where Care Services Were Provided Under Agreement. Petitioner was discharged from a nursing home to home in 2004, where she remained until she returned in 2008. At the time of discharge she agreed to transfer her property valued at $262,970 on the 2006 assessment (when the transfer occurred) if her son provided […]
When Determining Value, Equity Value is CMV Minus mortgages and Liens. Petition created a revocable living trust in 2006. In July 2006, her granddaughter charged in excess of $30,000 on Petitioner’s credit cards before the granddaughter was hospitalized. Thereafter, Petitioner fell behind on the mortgage and her home was in danger of foreclosure. Petitioner and […]
No Penalty For Transfer to Disabled Child. DFCS imposed a transfer of resources penalty where Petitioner transferred cash assets to a disabled daughter. DFCS’s reasoning was that cash assets were transferred to the disabled child outright as opposed to transferring them to a trust for her sole benefit. Citing 42 U.S.C. § 1396p(c)(2)(B)(iii) and Section 2342 of the […]
Penalty Reversed Where Home was Given to Caregiver Child. In 2002, Petitioner’s daughter moved into Petitioner’s home to provide care. In 2003, Petitioner was bedridden after back surgery; the daughter continued providing care on a full-time basis and also paid some of Petitioner’s expenses. On December 25, 2004, Petitioner gave her home to her daughter, […]
No Penalty Where Transfer Reimbursed Third Party for Paying Applicant’s Expenses. Petitioner was admitted to a nursing home on May 7, 2008 and remained there until her death on July 24, 2008. Petitioner filed an application for Medicaid on July 3, 2008, seeking retroactive coverage. The application was denied after DFCS discovered a $22,668.56 transfer […]
Sole Benefit Trust rejected and transfer penalty imposed. An 86 year old applicant established an irrevocable trust for the benefit of his 64 year old daughter. However, the trust was not submitted to DCH Legal for approval and Petitioner submitted no evidence that the trust comported with Section 2346 relating to special needs trusts. Further, the […]
Transfer Penalty Reversed Where Home Was Returned. Three months prior to a nursing home admission, a 98 year old Petitioner purchased her daughters home for $406,300, plus personal property valued at $26,775. She paid by transferring securities valued at $484,766.78, and $51,691.78 was returned to Petitioner as an over-payment. Petitioner’s alleged hope was that she […]
Georgia’s Medicaid Manual cannot be enforced when it conflicts with federal law. Applicant resided in an assisted living facility until she went to a nursing home in 2008 and applied for Medicaid. Prior to that time, her vacant home was placed on the market and sold. To accomplish the sale, Petitioner conveyed her life estate […]
Assessment of transfer penalty on sale of life estate affirmed. Conservators sold life estate for $1,500, then sold the applicant’s home for $55,000 after putting $13,397 into repairing the home. A transfer of resource penalty was assessed because the life estate interest was .58914 percent of the home value, which is well below $1,500. On […]
No penalty may be assessed where resources are transferred directly to a disabled child. A nursing home resident transferred approximately $24,000 to a disabled child. DFCS imposed a transfer penalty because the funds were transferred directly to the child instead of to a trust for the child. The caseworker’s decision was reversed because 42 U.S.C. 1396p(c)(2)(B)(iii) […]
Transfer of resources penalty affirmed. Nursing home resident applied for Medicaid in January 2008. During review, caseworkers discovered a home assessed at $90,351, was transferred to a close friend for $40,000 within the lookback period. Additionally, $10,000 was withdrawn from the resident’s account and several small checks and a vehicle were issued to the friend. […]
An applicant filed three Medicaid applications from February 7 through November 26, and all of them were denied for failure to submit necessary financial verification. A fair hearing was conducted on November 26, 2018 where the ALJ gave the applicant additional time to supply verification. Once that verification was supplied, on May 14, 2019, the […]
Divorce is one of the most aggressive Medicaid planning tools. Divorce should not be approached lightly and should not be attempted without an attorney. Most Medicaid plans can be completed without the necessity of divorce. Even when divorce appears to be the answer, a simpler procedure, commonly known as a “Catholic divorce” (e.g., an action […]
The general rule under 42 U.S. Code § 1396p(c)(1) is that any transfer for less than fair market value results in assessment of a transfer of resources penalty. There are, however, exceptions to the general rule. Subsection (c)(2)(A)(iv) is one of those exceptions and it provides that no penalty can be assessed if a home […]
Cooperative federalism is not license to re-write clear federal rules (Co. App.) Ruth Koehler sued the Department after it terminated her benefits under its Medicaid Home and Community Based Services for the Elderly, Blind and Disabled (HCBS) program. Ruth, an elderly disabled woman, received HCBS as an alternative to nursing home care. Her husband resided […]
Plaintiffs were a group of couples with one spouse in the nursing home and other spouse still in the community. In each case, the Community Spouse was the beneficiary of a Community Spouse Annuity Trust (“CSAT”). Some institutionalized spouses had been denied Medicaid, while others had applications pending. The Plaintiffs challenged the State’s treatment of […]
Guardians of two nursing home residents brought suit contending that the State erred by beginning a transfer penalty on the first day of the month after a transfer, rather than on the month of the transfer. The Court found the claims barred by the Eleventh Amendment. It dismissed the remainder of the Complaint for failure […]
Hazel Wilson and her husband executed and funded a revocable living trust in 1991. The trust became irrevocable at her husband’s death in 1998, forming an A/B trust. Hazel had access to the principal and income from trust A, but only the income from trust B. In 1999, Hazel transferred $636,638 in property to her […]
