Finding the Law

There are times, especially when probating older Wills, when you need signatures from the subscribing witnesses, but you can’t find them. Maybe they’ve died or they moved away. Maybe the signatures were illegible, and you don’t have good contact information. In cases like this O.C.G.A. § 53-5-24 provides for a workaround. Specifically, it provides: When […]

In Garner v. Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc., 370 Ga. App. 146 (2023), Appellants alleged that William had been missing since his discharge from the facility and that Appellees breached a duty of care owed to William to keep him safe. The Appellee/Defendant filed a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim. The Superior […]

There is no right to appeal a case until a final Order is entered. In Long v. City of Madison, 372 Ga. App. 643 (2024), James Long appealed a probate Court Order determining that his dog was dangerous and ordering the dog to be euthanized. Nothing in the record showed that an Order was entered […]

In many cases in involving the Probate Court, the moving party must present clear and convincing evidence to prevail. But what does that mean? The standard was explained (at least in part) in In re Knight, 372 Ga. App. 485 (2024). Lillian Knight passed away, naming her daughter, Karen, as executor. Prior to her death, […]

In In re Stroud, 361 Ga. App. 736 (2021), Shawn Stroud married Chelsea Lawson. At the time, Stroud’s legal name was Shawn Courtney Jr. Stroud went to Superior Court to have his name legally changed to Shawn Donovan Stroud. He then went to Probate Court where he filed a petition to have his old name […]

Moratorium on Nursing Home Staffing Standards On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act was signed into law. One of its provisions placed a moratorium on the Biden Era minimum staffing standards for nursing homes. Specifically, Section 71111 of the OBBBA provides: Subchapter B—Preventing Wasteful Spending SEC. 71111. MORATORIUM ON IMPLEMENTATION OF RULE […]

There are a few major changes for elders in the One Big Beautiful Bill Act. First, as discussed in numerous articles cited below, it appears that reductions in funding will cause home and community-based services to be limited. This could mean more seniors are forced into nursing homes because they lack support to remain home. […]

As an initial proposition, all relevant evidence is admissible. See Federal Rules of Evidence, Rule 402. In 1993, the U.S. Supreme Court decided Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579 (1993). Since then, expert testimony (subject to Rule 702) is not relevant unless it is “(1) scientific knowledge that (2) will assist the […]

House Bill 1292 (HB 1292) now imposes new duties on Georgia Notaries effective January 1, 2025. The new law is designed to ensure that deeds, mortgages, liens, maps, plats and state executions are properly authenticated. O.C.G.A. Section 44-2-2 defines “self-filers” as any person who is not exempt. Exempt persons are insurance agents, attorneys, banks, lenders, […]

When an injured party sues someone who negligently injured him or her, one form of damages the injured party may recover are medical expenses. However, can those expenses be recovered when they have been paid by someone else? In Bennett v. Haley, 132 Ga. App. 512 (1974), the Court said they can be recovered. The […]

The following sample language comes from a trust that was drafted years ago, however it remains useful in understanding issues to consider when drafting trusts: Appointment of Trustee. During my lifetime, [TRUSTEE] shall act as the sole Trustee of all trusts created in this agreement, with the full powers, duties and responsibilities as set forth […]

On July 26, 1990, President George H.W. Bush signed into law the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (“ADA”), a comprehensive civil rights law prohibiting discrimination on the basis of disability. The law was amended on September 25, 2008, when President George W.Bush signed into law the Americans with Disabilities Amendments Act of 2008 (ADA […]

*Note: On December 3, 2024, the US District Court for the Eastern District of Texas granted a nationwide preliminary injunction prohibiting the federal government from enforcing the CTA, its implementing regulations and its reporting deadlines. See Texas Top Cop Shop, Inc., et al. v. Garland, et al., Case No. 4:24-cv-478 (E.D. Tex.). See National Law […]

On July 19, 2024, the IRS published final regulations regarding required minimum distributions (RMDs) from qualified plans. Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs) are the minimum amounts you must withdraw from your retirement accounts each year. You generally must start taking withdrawals from your traditional IRA, SEP IRA, SIMPLE IRA, and retirement plan accounts when you reach […]

Stetson’s College of Law announced that it will offer a graduate certificate program for Elder Law Attorneys who need tax knowledge, but not the Tax LL.M. They state: Many cases affecting clients involve tax issues. Because clients often fall in the middle class, they do not always need sophisticated tax planning. But, attorneys who represent […]

Medicaid’s Refusal to Provide 24/7 Care in the Community Might be Discrimination In Harrison v. Young (5th Cir. June 6, 2024), the Fifth Circuit considered Ms. Barbara Harrison’s claim challenging Medicaid‘s denial of funding for medical services that she claimed are necessary for her survival. Harrison has severe physical and intellectual disabilities. She cannot walk […]

From time to time federal regulations covering nursing home quality of care are updated. Thus far, the following updates have been published in May and June of 2024. Updates posted May 10, 2024 42 CFR Part 483 — Requirements for States and Long Term Care Facilities view changes § 483.5 Definitions. view changes § 483.10 […]

Nursing homes that accept Medicare or Medicaid are required to comply with quality of care regulations. Although we have blogged elsewhere on specific nursing home resident rights, the current federal regulations are linked below. 42 CFR Part 483 — Requirements for States and Long Term Care Facilities § 483.5 Definitions. § 483.10 Resident rights. § […]

Sometime people want to avoid the expense of paying an attorney and they try DIY (do it yourself) fixes. Recently I met with someone trying to protect property. This person when to the clerk of Superior Court’s office and, after discussing what they wanted, took a fill-in-the-blank deed form offered by the clerk. Using that […]

Medicaid’s “Any Circumstance” Test for Trusts In case you missed the memo, Medicaid doesn’t like trusts. The rules relating to trusts you create with your money or property are found at 42 U.S.C. § 1396p(d). To put this discussion in context, we’ll begin with the sections relevant to the “any circumstances” test, but the full […]

In ____ v. Brock, Judge Schwall, Fulton County Superior Court), affirmed an administrative law judge’s Final Decision as supported by the administrative record. Here, the most interesting portion is the language discussing how a Superior Court reviews the appeal of an ALJ decision. The case began when DHS found suspicious transactions on a food stamp […]

On May 14, 2024, the Georgia Supreme Court entered an Order in The Matter of James W. Davis, III, disbarring him from the practice of law. Mr. Davis, who was listed in Martindale.com as practicing elder law, estate planning, Wills and other areas, was accused of intercepting more than $3 million intended for his client […]

During the 2024 legislative session, HB 1247 morphed into SB 420, which passed both houses and was signed by the governor.  The new law creates a new Chapter 17 within Georgia’s Title 44 and authorizes the creation of transfer on death deeds. Previously, these deeds, commonly known as Lady Bird Deeds (although technically LBDs are […]

In Farmer v. Farmer (decided March 15, 2024), the Georgia Court of Appeals reversed the trial court’s grant of summary judgment in favor of a land owner, finding that his aunt could present her claim to a jury that a life estate was given to her. The ordinary rule is that contracts involving land must […]

[Note: Section 71111 of The One Big Beautiful Bill Act placed a moratorium on enforcement of the nursing home minimum staffing standards through September 30, 2024] On April 22, 2024, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services announced a new final rule requiring minimum staffing levels in nursing homes. The new rule applies to all […]

On February 21, 2024, the Georgia Court of Appeals decided the case of In Re Estate of Anne Smith Florance. In that case, Florance had executed a revocable trust during her life and a Will pouring the remainder of her estate into the trust. The trust was first established in 1997 and amended several times […]

The Georgia Court of Appeals decided the case of In re Bessie Mae Blake on February 20, 2024. Willis Blake was appointed as his mother’s conservator in 2000, but he was a poor record keeper. Although he was required to set up a separate account for Bessie Mae, keep records of expenses and file annual […]

On April 1, 2024, the Washington Post published an article titled “Algorithms guide senior home staffing. Managers say care is suffering.” The article indicates that a system, called Service Alignment, was developed more than two decades ago when assisted living facility (ALF) executives began timing caregivers performing tasks. That data was fed into a computer […]

Recently a notice was published concerning a class action where the Plaintiffs alleged that real estate brokers engaged in anticompetitive practices, essentially violating federal antitrust law. This, by the way, is the law that broke up Ma Bell and gave us dozens of different phone providers. The case is Burnett et al. v. The National […]

Guardianship Evaluation In most cases I’ve been involved in, the evaluator’s report is stipulated into evidence or the evaluator is called as a witness. The reason is that the report cannot be cross-examined so the thought was that it’s subject to a hearsay objection. A recent case taught me otherwise (at least in Georgia). In […]

In White v. Stanley (Georgia Ct. App. 10/3/2023), Rhonda White appealed a jury verdict  in favor of the defendants relating to a motor vehicle collision. White argued that the trial court gave an improper jury instruction regarding the Preponderance-of-the-Evidence Standard. The trial court instructed the jury using the existing pattern jury instructions. However, the law […]

After a policy holder dies, it is important to contact insurance companies to see whether a claim should be paid. Types of claims can include: Life insurance payout Refund of unused premiums Indemnities Typically assets with a beneficiary designation are not probate assets and should be paid to the person named as beneficiary. In some […]

In Jones v. Life Care Centers of America (Tenn .Ct. Appeals 2023), a cognitively impaired resident was assisted in the shower by staff. While doing so, the employee took a call from her incarcerated boyfriend which showed the resident’s nude body. The assisted living facility moved for summary judgment after alleging the resident showed no […]

In Estate of Hargett v. Brown (Tenn. App. 6/9/2023), the Decedent, Willie Hargett, had separated from his wife, Robbie Hargett. Despite the separation, there was no divorce. After the separation, Mr. Brown entered into a relationship with Charlotte Brown. The Decedent had legal documents prepared after he was diagnosed with lung cancer. He sought to […]

There are several steps in setting up a tax exempt organization. We’re reviewing them here. However, this post is not designed to tell you anything other than the set-up process and it is not intended to be tax advice. CIRCULAR 230 NOTICE: To comply with the requirements imposed by the United States Treasury Department, any […]

Ideally, health care providers do the right thing. Good Care is provided. There is no negligence. But what if they don’t do the right thing? What if they are negligent? Should you have the right to consider your options regarding how to hold them accountable? Over the past two decades, many long-term care providers, especially […]

In PR v. Division of Medical Assistance and Health Services (NJ. App. Div. 6/8/2023), the State was authorized to recover Medicaid benefits incorrectly paid. It was not, however, authorized to play fast and loose by withdrawing a waiver of a portion of its claim as part of the Commissioner’s review. Peter and Uma, an unmarried […]

The collateral estoppel (issue preclusion) rule is part of the finality doctrine along with Res Judicata (claim preclusion). It general prevents a party from re-litigating the same issue in a second court. In other words, you don’t get a second bite at the apple in another court simply because you were dissatisfied with the result […]

On June 12, 2023, the Tennessee Court of Appeals (Knoxville) upheld a settlement agreement requiring the recipient of funds in an investment account to pay his share of capital gains taxes. The case, In re Hunt, E2022-00649-COA-R3-CV, arose during the probate of Dr. Robert McPhail Hunt, Jr.’s estate. Hunt purportedly married Zulkifli Atim in Canada […]

In Milbourne v. Milbourne, 301 Ga. 111 (2017), The Georgia Supreme Court affirmed a Gwinnett Probate Court Order refusing to grant summary judgment on the issue of undue influence. Milbourne concerned a Will, allegedly procured through the undue influence of the Will-maker’s sister. The Will-maker was Edison Jamal Milbourne. He suffered a work related brain […]

Last year we reported that Talevski v. Health and Hospital Corporation of Marion County (HHC) was headed to the Supreme Court. On June 8, 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its opinion, affirming the Seventh Circuit, and held that the Federal Nursing Home Reform Act (FNHRA) is enforceable under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Justice Jackson […]

On May 26, 2023, the Ohio Court of Appeals for the Sixth Appellate District decided Kaltenbach v. Wasserman. Keith Kaltenbach was sued for allegedly breaching his duty under a power of attorney, engaged in undue influence and unlawfully converting portions of her real property and money. After he was sued, Keith met with attorney Wasserman […]

On June 5, 2023, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) amended 42 C.F.R. § 483.80 (infection control) and § 483.430 (Condition of participation: Facility staffing) to remove expired COVID-19 provisions. See 88 FR 36485. The specific amendments are: Section 483.80 is amended by removing paragraphs (h) and (i). Section 483.430 is amended by […]

In April, 2022, we reported that HB 620 altered how settlements for minors can be approved under O.C.G.A. § 29-3-3, at least in cases where the trial court approves direct payment to a trust. Prior to passage of HB 620, Section 29-3-3 read as follows: 2021 Version For purposes of this Code section, the term […]

“In general, in order to maintain an action, a party “must establish standing to sue on the ground asserted, which requires showing an injury in fact that was caused by the breach of a duty owed by the defendants to the plaintiffs and that will be redressed by a favorable decision from the court.” Ames […]

In L.U. v. Division of Medical Assistance (N.J. Superior Court Docket A-2937-20, May 23, 2023), the Superior Court affirmed denial of L.U.’s request for a fair hearing. How, you ask? “I thought everyone had a right to a fair hearing!!! Well, apparently not. L.U. was an unrepresented Medicaid recipient. He appealed from a May 11, […]

The following Georgia Medicaid cases were litigated outside the context of an administrative hearing, or were appealed beyond that point. Of course, we are not representing there are no other published decisions on point. United Cerebral Palsy of Georgia v. Ga. Dep’t of Behavioral Health and Dev. Disabilities, 331 Ga. App. 616 (2015). A provider […]

Nursing homes are intended to be places of comfort and healing. More than 1.4 million individuals live in over 15,500 Medicare- and Medicaid-certified nursing homes across the nation. Everyone knows staffing is the most significant issue when determining whether your loved one gets the care he or she needs. Staffing levels have a direct impact […]

Ms. Humprey was a hospital patient and the University of Tennessee Medical Center filed a petition for Conservatorship. The petition alleged she was unable to make appropriate decisions regarding her treatment and medical care. Petitioner attached the report of Dr. Taylor Wright in support of its petition. The Court appointed a guardian ad litem and […]

On March 24, 2023, the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida ruled in Securities and Exchange Commission v. Synergy Settlement Services, Inc., et al., Case No. 6:22-cv-820-WWB-DCI. The motion before the Court was to dismiss the action. The motion was denied with the Court indicating it should at least move tot […]